Access: Post Cold-War Imperialist Expansion

Abstract

In the upsurge of democratic opinion following the overthrow of the Marcos dictatorship, the Philippines adopted a constitution which stipulated that the U.S. military bases at Clark Air Field and Subic Bay, after their legal expiration date in 1991, could be renewed only by a treaty passed by a two-thirds vote of the Philippine Senate. In September 1991 the Philippine Senate defeated such a treaty, bringing the U.S. bases, with their 14,000 permanently deployed U.S. troops, to an end.

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